單組目標值醫(yī)療器械臨床試驗設計中，目標值的定義和構(gòu)建原則是什么

test4

　　與目標值比較的單組設計需事先指定主要評價指標有臨床意義的目標值，通過考察單組臨床試驗主要評價指標的結(jié)果是否在指定的目標值范圍內(nèi)，從而評價試驗器械有效性/安全性。由于沒有設置對照組，單組目標值設計的臨床試驗無法確證試驗器械的優(yōu)效、等效或非劣效，僅能確證試驗器械的有效性/安全性達到專業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)公認的最低標準。

　　目標值是專業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)公認的某類醫(yī)療器械的有效性/安全性評價指標所應達到的最低標準，包括客觀性能標準（Objective performance criteria，OPC）和性能目標（Performance goal，PG）兩種。目標值通常為二分類（如有效/無效）指標，也可為定量指標，包括靶值和單側(cè)置信區(qū)間界限（通常為97.5%單側(cè)置信區(qū)間界限）。對臨床試驗結(jié)果進行統(tǒng)計分析時，需計算主要評價指標的點估計值和單側(cè)置信區(qū)間界限值，并將其與目標值進行比較。

　　目標值的構(gòu)建通常需要全面收集具有一定質(zhì)量水平及相當數(shù)量病例的臨床研究數(shù)據(jù)，并進行科學分析（如Meta分析）。隨著器械技術(shù)和臨床技能的提高，OPC可能發(fā)生改變，需要對臨床數(shù)據(jù)重新進行分析以確認。

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